Introduction this chapter details the origin and development of the concept of quality of work life, various theories, models and frameworks published by various authors, and its relevance to the current study. An integrated conceptual model of quality of life for. Work life balance is achievedwhen an individuals right to a fulfilled life inside and outside paid work isaccepted and respected as norm,to a mutual benefit,of individual,business. This was established by kurt lewins field theory of employees behaviour which shows the relationship between performance and qwl. Also this chapter explains the various studies carried out in. Ever since the concept of quality of work life qwl was first used over 30 years ago, a range of definitions and theoretical constructs have succeeded each other with the aim of. Based on the suggested definition of qol, a definition of qwl is provided and the measuring instrument that results therefrom the quality of working life. Quality of work life discussed since the 1950s, quality of work life qwl has been identified as a personal reaction to the work environment and experience such as perceptions of control, satisfaction, involvement, commitment, worklife balance, and wellbeing in relation to someones job and organization, with no one generally accepted definition of the term.
Moreover, he emphasises the importance of the person as well as the result. In chapter 2, the theory regarding the quality of work life and needs is viewed through the. An integrated conceptual model of quality of life for older adults based on a synthesis of the literature nancy kelleygillespie. Chapter 1 introduction to quality of work life this chapter serves as an introduction and provides the necessary theoretical framework for developing proper perspectives of the subject.
A case of healthcare workers giang thuy phan, trung quang vo. Identification the components of quality of work life and. Developed societies involve members who are mostly preoccupied in satisfying higher. We can observe the term in newspapers and in tvcommercials. Looking at the quality of life of individual residents with dementia select one resident with dementia you care for or know and fill in the next 2 sections. The present era is an era of knowledge workers and the society in which we are living has come, to be known as knowledge society.
The origin of quality of work life the legislation was enacted in the early 20th century to protect the employees from job injury and to eliminate hazardous working conditions. A study on quality of work life with special reference to leo pole apparels at coimbatore. Nov 16, 2012 initially, pubmed, medline, cinahl, and psychinfo were searched using the keywords quality of life, healthrelated quality of life, conceptual framework, conceptual model, and theory. Both quality of life and healthrelated quality of life were searched because these terms have been used interchangeably in the literature. A major component of quality of work life, which is so important for both the employees and the employers, is the relationship between work and home life. The general social survey is a biannual, nationally representative, personal interview survey of u. Ever since the concept of quality of work life qwl was first used over 30 years ago, a range of definitions and theoretical constructs have succeeded each other with the aim of mitigating the many problems facing the concept. Given the lack of consensus concerning the solutions that have been. The effect of quality of work life qwl programs on. Motivation and quality of work life among secondary school efl teachers sasan baleghizadeh yahya gordani shahid beheshti university, g. Pdf a new measure of quality of work life qwl based on need.
Some knowledge workers work for more than 60 hours a week. In this conference the term quality of working life was introduced, and the. The changing workforce of knowledge workers expects more than just money from their work life. The measure was designed to capture the extent to which the work environment, job requirements, supervisory behavior, and ancillary programs in an organization are perceived to meet the needs of an employee. Qwl is just as real and useful as virtual reality itself. We identified seven major needs, each having several dimensions. According to lau 2000, the concern to obtain constructs that define the theme quality of work life qwl is increasing, because of the.
Rajib lochan dhar abstract the work of professional bus drivers is considered as extremely stressful. Perceptions of the quality of work life in primary schools in. The individual can best be compared to a green apple with red patches a subjective and an objective quality of life, respectively, at the surface of an individuals existence with a hidden nucleus humanity s inner depth. The iqol theory is an overall theory or metatheory encompassing eight more factual theories in a subjectiveexistentialobjective spectrum. Job satisfaction, organisational commitment, social relevance of work life. This was one of the initial attempts to define and measure the quality of work life and to formulate a coherent theory and practice on how to create the conditions for a more humane work life davis and cherns, 1975. Table1 componentsofsubjectivewellbeing pleasantaffect unpleasantaffect lifesatisfaction domainsatisfaction joy guiltandshame desiretochangelife work. Towards an integrated conceptual framework abstract the main aim of the current paper is to explore how personal and environmental characteristics might collectively contribute to the dynamics of worklife balance.
Quality of work life movement initially a loosely organized network of a few dozen academics in the early 1970s, the qwl movement had grown by the 1980s into an international grouping of trade union officials, personal managers and social scientist generally. Quality of work life and organizational performance. Quality of work life and organizational performance mdpi. A study of municipal corporat ion bus drivers prof. In addition, theories like the border theory, boundary theory, gender inequality theory and work life management theory have also highlighted the relationship between work and family. In an enhancing competitive environment, it is difficult to separate home and work life lewis, 1997.
Your quality of working life qowl is affected by the complex interaction of many factors such as your personality, your home life, how well you are able to do your job, the support you get from colleagues and managers and. Sigmund freud was one of the most influential scientists in the fields of psychology and psychiatry. Safe work environment, equitable wages, equal employment opportunities and opportunities for advancement. A new measure of quality of work life qwl based on need. A better quality of work life improves the growth of the employees along with the organization growth. Labour considered as an important factor of production compared to the other factors of production such as land and capital drucker, 1993.
Scientific research in the quality of workinglife qwl. Some of the principles of quality of work life, formulated by hartick and maccoby, are. Perceptions of the quality of work life in primary schools. Ever since the concept of quality of work life qwl was first used over 30 years ago, a range of definitions and theoretical. It is identify the quality of work life in leopole apparels for.
The article advances in the theoretical evaluation of qwl in a public context and expanding the presentation of parameters in the job. The quality of work life qwl apart from ensuring fair pay, the fair treatment of employees and safe working conditions, many companies respond to specific employee needs. A study on the quality of work life qwl among faculty members of. The quality of work life or job quality is constituted by the set of work features which. The unionization movements established in 1930 and 1940s emphasis on job security.
Qwl is sometimes considered as a subconcept of the broad concept of quality of life, which refers to the overall quality of an individuals life. The term quality of work life qwl refers to the degree of satisfaction and contentedness an employee experiences with respect to his or her job and the overall work situation. Your quality of working life qowl is affected by the complex interaction of many factors such as your personality, your home life, how well you are able to do your job, the support you get from colleagues and managers and they way in which you are asked to do your job. Quality of work life balancehaving a measure of control when,where and how individuals work,leading totheir being able to enjoy an optimal quality of life. There is a significance difference of quality of work life of male and female secondary school teachers comparing teachers mean scores it is found that the female teachers have a high quality of work life than their male counterparts.
A good quality of work life not only increases the work related benefits but also helps to maintain a balance between the work life and family life. Taylor 1979 in contrast to such theory based models, taylor 1979 more pragmatically identified the essential components of quality of working life as basic extrinsic job factors of wages, hours and working conditions, and the intrinsic job notions of the nature of the work itself. The iqol theory is an overall theory or meta theory encompassing eight more factual theories in a subjectiveexistentialobjective spectrum. Some of the authors are using job satisfaction and work life balance wlb as the characteristics of qwl.
There were more unskilled manual workers who reported. The philosophy of qwl quality of working life aims to empower the leader or employee to improve his subjective qwldimensions like joy of work, jobsatisfaction, and to improve health and performance. Initially, pubmed, medline, cinahl, and psychinfo were searched using the keywords quality of life, healthrelated quality of life, conceptual framework, conceptual model, and theory. Empirical evidence from dhaka export processing zone. The focus of work is the conception quality of life issues that in lately, it becomes increasingly important socioeconomic issue. Quality of work life indicates a proper balance both in work and personal. The study undertaken explored the factors of quality of workinglife experiences in. In 1962, abraham maslow published his book towards a psychology of being, and established a theory of quality of life, which still is considered a consistent theory of quality of life. A new measure of qwl was developed based on need satisfaction and spillover theories. Article pdf available in social indicators research 553. But there was a lack of uniformity in findings related to quality of work life.
The project has been undertaken in leo pole apparels at coimbatore. Importance of quality of nursing work life according to brooks, the land mark studies done in work environment, work place and job. Theoretical perspectives guiding qol indicator projects. Qwl has been linked with a number of positive outcomes both for individual workers and for employing organizations. Maslow based his theory for development towards happiness and true being on the concept of human needs.
Ananalysis on employees of private limited companies in bangladesh by mohammad baitul islam. East west university ewu, bd abstract quality of work life is a critical concept with having lots of importance in employees life. According to this theory, individual behaviour is influenced by how one perceives and reacts to the surroundings. Productivity and performance of an organization have a very strong relationship with quality of employee work life. Worklife is integrated when there is no distinction and. Many authors do not make differentiation between quality of work life and level of quality of the work life. In india, some of the companies that emphasize the quality of work life are hewlettpackard, smith kline. It is an environment over which they have no control whatsoever and is an atmosphere that wrecks their schedules, disrupts their home life, makes. Use the basics hierarchy handout as a guide to do this worksheet. Ever since the concept of quality of work life qwl was first used over 30 years ago, ranges of definitions and theoretical constructs have succeeded each other. Project report on quality of worklife pdf this project report may help you.
The quality of work life facilitates employees training opportunities, job satisfaction and working conditions. This study focuses on the quality of work life of the. They suggested that such needs have to be addressed if employees are to experience high quality of working life. The more direct relevance of work to the total life. Qwl is also found to affect employees work responses in terms of organizational identification, job. Thus considering the importance of the quality of work life especially with faculty members, this study is conducted. In 2000, niosh entered into an interagency agreement with the national science foundation to add a special module assessing the quality of work life in america to the 2002 general social survey. The term quality of work life has appeared in research journals and press in usa only in 1970s. Rice further defines objective quality of life oql as sthe aegree to which specified standards of living are met by the objectively verifiable conditions, activities, and activity consequences of an individuals life. A historical overview of the concept of qwl is presented here. The work tends to argue how and which the context of the quality of rural life provides an opportunity to resolve the paradox of development interpreted by many researchers. A century after he published his theories, freud still influences what we think about. The data were collected in the month of jan 2014 feb 2014 scope of the study. Quality of work life qwl has become one of the important issues in manufacturing enterprises like epz and those outside of epz.
The theory of working life is based upon the idea that good qwl arises from good relations in the working situation 1. For the purpose of research on quality of work life, we devised an extensive structured questionnaire using a four point likert scale categorically dividing 70 statements varying from demographic to eight quadrants of work life. In addition, theories like the border theory, boundary theory, gender inequality theory and worklife management theory have also highlighted the relationship between work and family. While there seems to be no agreed upon definition of quality of work life, it has been used as a construct which relates to the wellbeing of. An individuals work experience can have positive or negative effects on other spheres of his or her life. Quality of work life qwl is a relatively new concept which is defined as the overall quality of an individuals working life. Given the lack of consensus concerning the solutions that have been developed to date, a new. This study set out to investigate the relationship between quality of work life and teacher motivation among 160 secondary school english as a foreign language efl teachers in tehran, iran. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site.
The term quality of work life was introduced by louis davis. But if quality of life is used in these serious contexts, then the dimension of quality of life must be able to be determined and even measured. A new measure of quality of work life qwl based on need satisfaction and spillover theories. The philosophy of life outlined in this paper tries to measure the global quality of life with questions derived from the integrative theory of the quality of life. Mas low hierarchy of needs was cons idered a cons is tent theory of quality of work life because it cons is ts of phys iological, safety, belongingness and love, es teem, self actualization needs and transcendence.
The basic work for this book was carried out during the spring of1989 in. The intellectual pursuits have taken precedence over the physical efforts. Discussed since the 1950s, quality of work life qwl has been identified as a personal reaction to the work environment and experience such as perceptions of control, satisfaction, involvement, commitment, worklife balance, and wellbeing in relation to someones job and organization, with no one generally accepted definition of the term. Motivation and quality of work life among secondary school. Work lifehome life, work design, work context and work in 16 articles we found 1 table 1, the first study of qwl is published in 1994. Pukeliene and starkauskiene 2011, quality of life qol theory of research was formed in western europe and northern america back in the 1960. Quality of work life qwl in career development iresearchnet.
Work life balance and implications of spill over theory. Ouchi 1981 builds on these findings in theory z, adding the importance of employees quality of work life, interpersonal relations and employees who are capable of making decisions. Often, even beyond the hours of attendance required, work occupies ones thoughts, determines ones schedule for the day, gives one access to consumer. The first international qwl conference was held in toronto in 1972. This project related to quality of work life of an employee pdf download. Pswant for x may have higher priority to p than his or her. Quality of life is then quite often described as the goal of the professional activities, a goal which is described as being equally as important as the more objectivesoundingwelfare and health. The intersection of work and life research is fundamentally challenged by a lack of commonly established basic language and key constructs.
1023 246 780 795 548 1274 71 887 900 1442 94 377 732 1300 949 1287 507 719 595 369 684 78 786 363 865 572 1066 568 138 1010